Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002) - Kiribati (2002)

Compare Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002) z Kiribati (2002)

	Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002)	Kiribati (2002)

Administrative divisions	none (territorial collectivity of France); note - there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are two communes - Saint Pierre, Miquelon at the second order	3 units; Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands; note - in addition, there are 6 districts (Banaba, Central Gilberts, Line Islands, Northern Gilberts, Southern Gilberts, Tarawa) and 21 island councils - one for each of the inhabited islands (Abaiang, Abemama, Aranuka, Arorae, Banaba, Beru, Butaritari, Kanton, Kiritimati, Kuria, Maiana, Makin, Marakei, Nikunau, Nonouti, Onotoa, Tabiteuea, Tabuaeran, Tamana, Tarawa, Teraina)
Age structure	0-14 years: 25.4% (male 904; female 864) 15-64 years: 64.4% (male 2,288; female 2,193) 65 years and over: 10.2% (male 303; female 402) (2002 est.)	0-14 years: 40.2% (male 19,588; female 19,092) 15-64 years: 56.6% (male 26,905; female 27,625) 65 years and over: 3.2% (male 1,339; female 1,786) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products	vegetables; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish	copra, taro, breadfruit, sweet potatoes, vegetables; fish
Airports	2 (2001)	21 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002)	total: 4 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 16 914 to 1,523 m: 12 under 914 m: 4 (2002)
Area	total: 242 sq km land: 242 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes eight small islands in the Saint Pierre and the Miquelon groups	total: 811 sq km land: 811 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes three island groups - Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands
Area - comparative	1.5 times the size of Washington, DC	four times the size of Washington, DC
Background	First settled by the French in the early 17th century, the islands represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions.	The Gilbert Islands were granted self-rule by the UK in 1971 and complete independence in 1979 under the new name of Kiribati. The US relinquished all claims to the sparsely inhabited Phoenix and Line Island groups in a 1979 treaty of friendship with Kiribati.
Birth rate	14.96 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)	31.58 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget	revenues: $70 million expenditures: $60 million, including capital expenditures of $24 million	revenues: $28.4 million expenditures: $37.2 million, including capital expenditures of $NA million (2000 est.) (2000 est.)
Capital	Saint-Pierre	Tarawa
Climate	cold and wet, with much mist and fog; spring and autumn are windy	tropical; marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline	120 km	1,143 km
Constitution	28 September 1958 (French Constitution)	12 July 1979
Country name	conventional long form: Territorial Collectivity of Saint Pierre and Miquelon conventional short form: Saint Pierre and Miquelon local long form: Departement de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon local short form: Saint-Pierre et Miquelon	conventional long form: Republic of Kiribati conventional short form: Kiribati note: pronounced kir-ih-bahss former: Gilbert Islands
Currency	euro (EUR); French franc (FRF)	Australian dollar (AUD)
Death rate	6.61 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)	8.76 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external	$NA	$10 million (1999 est.)
Dependency status	self-governing territorial collectivity of France	-
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territorial collectivity of France)	the US does not have an embassy in Kiribati; the ambassador to the Marshall Islands is accredited to Kiribati
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territorial collectivity of France)	Kiribati does not have an embassy in the US; there is an honorary consulate in Honolulu
Disputes - international	none	none
Economic aid - recipient	approximately $60 million in annual grants from France	$15.5 million (1995), largely from UK and Japan
Economy - overview	The inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre. In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. The islands are heavily subsidized by France to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector.	A remote country of 33 scattered coral atolls, Kiribati has few national resources. Commercially viable phosphate deposits were exhausted at the time of independence from the UK in 1979. Copra and fish now represent the bulk of production and exports. The economy has fluctuated widely in recent years. Economic development is constrained by a shortage of skilled workers, weak infrastructure, and remoteness from international markets. Tourism provides more than one-fifth of GDP. The financial sector is at an early stage of development as is the expansion of private sector initiatives. Foreign financial aid, from UK, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and China, is a critical supplement to GDP, equal to 25%-50% of GDP in recent years. Remittances from workers abroad account for more than $5 million each year.
Electricity - consumption	38.13 million kWh (2000)	6.51 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production	41 million kWh (2000)	7 million kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Morne de la Grande Montagne 240 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Banaba 81 m
Environment - current issues	recent test drilling for oil in waters around Saint Pierre and Miquelon may bring future development that would impact the environment	heavy pollution in lagoon of south Tarawa atoll due to heavy migration mixed with traditional practices such as lagoon latrines and open-pit dumping; ground water at risk
Environment - international agreements	-	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Basques and Bretons (French fishermen)	predominantly Micronesian with some Polynesian
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 1.06594 (January 2001), 1.08540 (2000), 0.93863 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997)	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.9354 (January 2002), 1.9320 (2001), 1.7173 (2000), 1.5497 (1999), 1.5888 (1998), 1.3439 (1997)
Executive branch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Claude VALLEIX (since 9 October 2002) head of government: President of the General Council Marc PLANTAGENEST (since NA) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held, first round - 21 April 2002, second round - 5 May 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the General Council is elected by the members of the council	chief of state: President Teburoro TITO (since 1 October 1994); Vice President Beniamina TIINGA (since NA December 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government head of government: President Teburoro TITO (since 1 October 1994); Vice President Beniamina TIINGA (since NA December 2000); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: 12-member Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of the House of Parliament elections: the House of Parliament chooses the presidential candidates from among their members and then those candidates compete in a general election; president is elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 25 February 2003 (next to be held by November 2007); vice president appointed by the president election results: Teburoro TITO reelected president; percent of vote - Teburoro TITO 50.4%, Taberannang TIMEON 48.4%, Bakeua Bakeua TEKITA 1.2%
Exports	$12 million f.o.b. (1999)	$6 million f.o.b. (1998)
Exports - commodities	fish and fish products, soybeans, animal feed, mollusks and crustaceans, fox and mink pelts	copra 62%, coconuts, seaweed, fish
Exports - partners	US 43%, Egypt 14%, Japan 11%, Colombia 8% (1999)	Japan, Bangladesh, US, Australia, Brazil, Poland (2000)
Fiscal year	calendar year	NA
Flag description	a yellow sailing ship facing the hoist side rides on a dark blue background with a black wave line under the ship; on the hoist side, a vertical band is divided into three parts: the top part is red with a green diagonal cross extending to the corners overlaid by a white cross dividing the square into four sections; the middle part has a white background with an ermine pattern; the third part has a red background with two stylized yellow lions outlined in black, one on top of the other; the flag of France is used for official occasions	the upper half is red with a yellow frigate bird flying over a yellow rising sun, and the lower half is blue with three horizontal wavy white stripes to represent the ocean
GDP	purchasing power parity - $74 million (1996 est.); supplemented by annual payments from France of about $60 million (1996 est.)	purchasing power parity - $79 million (2001 est.), supplemented by a nearly equal amount from external sources (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	agriculture: 30% industry: 7% services: 63% (1998 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $11,000 (1996 est.)	purchasing power parity - $840 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	1.5% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates	46 50 N, 56 20 W	1 25 N, 173 00 E
Geography - note	vegetation scanty	21 of the 33 islands are inhabited; Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean - the others are Makatea in French Polynesia, and Nauru
Highways	total: 114 km paved: 69 km unpaved: 45 km (1994 est.)	total: 670 km paved: NA km unpaved: NA km note: 27 km are paved in South Tarawa (2001)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	$55 million f.o.b. (1999)	$44 million c.i.f. (1999)
Imports - commodities	meat, clothing, fuel, electrical equipment, machinery, building materials	foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, miscellaneous manufactured goods, fuel
Imports - partners	France 44%, Canada 40% (1999)	Australia, Japan, Fiji, Poland, US (2000)
Independence	none (territorial collectivity of France; has been under French control since 1763)	12 July 1979 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	0.7% (1991 est.)
Industries	fish processing and supply base for fishing fleets; tourism	fishing, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate	8.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)	52.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.1% (1991-96 average)	2.5% (2001 est.)
International organization participation	FZ, WFTU	ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WTrO (applicant)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	1 (2000)	1 (2000)
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel	Court of Appeal; High Court; 26 Magistrates' courts; judges at all levels are appointed by the president
Labor force	3,000 (1997) (1997)	7,870 economically active, not including subsistence farmers (1985 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	fishing 18%, industry (mainly fish-processing) 41%, services 41% (1996 est.)	-
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 13.04% permanent crops: 0% other: 86.96% (1998 est.)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 50.68% other: 49.32% (1998 est.)
Languages	French (official)	I-Kiribati, English (official)
Legal system	French law with special adaptations for local conditions, such as housing and taxation	NA
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats - 15 from Saint Pierre and 4 from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: elections last held 19 and 26 March 2000 (next to be held NA April 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PS 12, PRG 2, UDF-RPR 5 note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect 1 seat to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1995 (next to be held NA September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR 1; Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects 1 seat to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UDF 1	unicameral House of Parliament or Maneaba Ni Maungatabu (42 seats; 39 elected by popular vote, one ex officio member - the attorney general, one appointed to represent Banaba, and one other; members serve four-year terms) elections: first round elections last held 29 November 2002; second round elections held 6 December 2002 (next to be held by November 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - BTK 17, MTM 16, independents 7, other 2 (includes attorney general)
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 77.93 years male: 75.66 years female: 80.32 years (2002 est.)	total population: 60.54 years male: 57.61 years female: 63.62 years (2002 est.)
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (1982 est.)	definition: NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA%
Location	Northern North America, islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, south of Newfoundland (Canada)	Oceania, group of 33 coral atolls in the Pacific Ocean, straddling the equator; the capital Tarawa is about one-half of the way from Hawaii to Australia; note - on 1 January 1995, Kiribati proclaimed that all of its territory lies in the same time zone as its Gilbert Islands group (GMT +12) even though the Phoenix Islands and the Line Islands under its jurisdiction lie on the other side of the International Date Line
Map references	North America	Oceania
Maritime claims	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine	none (2002 est.)	total: 1 ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,291 GRT/1,295 DWT ships by type: passenger/cargo 1 (2002 est.)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	Kiribati does not have military forces; defense assistance is provided by Australia and NZ
Military branches	-	no regular military forces; Police Force (carries out law enforcement functions and paramilitary duties; small police posts are on all islands)
Military expenditures - dollar figure	-	$NA
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	NA%
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	Independence Day, 12 July (1979)
Nationality	noun: Frenchman(men), Frenchwoman(women) adjective: French	noun: I-Kiribati (singular and plural) adjective: I-Kiribati
Natural hazards	persistent fog throughout the year can be a maritime hazard	typhoons can occur any time, but usually November to March; occasional tornadoes; low level of some of the islands make them very sensitive to changes in sea level
Natural resources	fish, deepwater ports	phosphate (production discontinued in 1979)
Net migration rate	-4.89 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Political parties and leaders	PRG [leader NA]; Rassemblement pour la Republique or RPR [leader NA]; Socialist Party or PS [leader NA]; Union pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF [leader NA]	Boutokaan Te Koaua Party or BTK [Taberannang TIMEON]; Maneaban Te Mauri Party or MTM [Teburoro TITO]; National Progressive Party or NPP [Dr. Harry TONG] note: there is no tradition of formally organized political parties in Kiribati; they more closely resemble factions or interest groups because they have no party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	6,954 (July 2002 est.)	96,335 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	0.35% (2002 est.)	2.28% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors	Saint Pierre	Banaba, Betio, English Harbour, Kanton
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 4, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 1 note: the shortwave station may be inactive (2002)
Radios	4,000 (1997)	17,000 (1997)
Railways	0 km	0 km
Religions	Roman Catholic 99%	Roman Catholic 52%, Protestant (Congregational) 40%, some Seventh-Day Adventist, Muslim, Baha'i, Latter-day Saints, and Church of God (1999)
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.)	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: adequate domestic: NA international: radiotelephone communication with most countries in the world; 1 earth station in French domestic satellite system	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) note: Kiribati is being linked to the Pacific Ocean Cooperative Telecommunications Network, which should improve telephone service
Telephones - main lines in use	4,000 (1997)	3,800 (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1994)	NA
Television broadcast stations	0 (there are, however, two repeaters which rebroadcast programs from France, Canada, and the US) (1997)	1 (not reported to be active) (2002)
Terrain	mostly barren rock	mostly low-lying coral atolls surrounded by extensive reefs
Total fertility rate	2.1 children born/woman (2002 est.)	4.32 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate	9.8% (1997) (1997)	2%; underemployment 70% (1992 est.)
Waterways	none	5 km (small network of canals in Line Islands)

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